Monday 28 January 2013

human body systems

 

Introduction

The human body is made up of several organ systems that all work together as a unit to make sure the body keeps functioning. There are ten major organ systems in the body, each of which plays a different role in helping the body work.

Circulatory System

This system is made up of the heart, blood, blood vessels, and lymphatics. It is the body’s delivery system, concerned with circulating blood to deliver oxygen and nutrients to every part of the body.The circulatory system transports substances through the body and establishes immunity.

Digestive System

The purpose of the digestive system is to turn the food you eat into something useful for the body. When you eat, your body uses this system to digest food so your cells can use it to make energy. The organs involved in this system include the mouth, stomach, and intestines.The digestive system breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and excretes solid waste.

Endocrine System

This system is made up of a collection of glands, including the pituitary and thyroid glands, as well as the ovaries and testes. It regulates, coordinates, and controls a number of body functions by secreting chemicals into the bloodstream. These secretions help control moods, growth and development, and metabolism.The endocrine system secretes hormones into the blood that serve to communicate with, integrate, and control mechanisms.

Integumentary System

This system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands. Its main function is to act as a barrier to protect the body from the outside world. It also functions to retain body fluids, protect against disease, eliminate waste products, and regulate body temperature.The integumentary system supports and protects, regulates body temperature, makes chemicals and hormones, and acts as a sense organ.

Muscular System

This system is made up of muscle tissue that helps move the body and move materials through the body. Quite simply, muscles move you. Muscles are bundles of cells and fibers that work in a simple way: they tighten up and relax.The muscular system brings about body movement, maintains posture, and produces heat.

Nervous System

The nervous system is the control center of the human body. It is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It receives and interprets stimuli and transmits impulses to organs. Your brain uses the information it receives to coordinate all of your actions and reactions.The nervous system allows a person to communicate with the environment and integrates and controls the body.

Reproductive System

The human reproductive system ensures that humans are able to reproduce and survive as a species. It is made up of organs such as the uterus, penis, ovaries, and testes.The reproductive system produces sex cells, allows transfer of sex cells and fertilization to occur, permits development and birth of offspring, nourishes offspring, and produces sex hormones.

Respiratory System

The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The respiratory system does this through breathing. It consists of the nose, larynx, trachea, diaphragm, bronchi, and lungs.The respiratory system exchanges oxygen from the air for the waste product carbon dioxide, which is eliminated from the body.

Skeletal System

The skeletal system provides the shape and form for our bodies in addition to supporting and protecting our bodies, allowing bodily movement, producing blood cells, and storing minerals. This system consists of bones, cartilage, and joints.The skeletal system supports and protects, makes movement easier (with joints), stores minerals, and makes blood cells.

Urinary System

The purpose of the urinary system is to filter out excess fluid and other substances from your bloodstream. Some fluid gets reabsorbed by your body but most gets expelled as urine. The organs found in this system are the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.The urinary system cleans waste products from blood in the form of urine and maintains electrolyte balance, water balance, and acid-base balance. 

Lymphatic system

 
The lymphatic system is a subdivision of the circulatory system. It does not contain blood, but rather lymph, which is formed from the fluid surrounding body cells and diffused into lymph vessels. The major functions of the lymphatic system are the movement of fluid and its critical role in the defense mechanism of the body against diseases. The organ involves are lymph vessels, lymph nodes, thymos and bone marrow.
 
p/s:i wrote this because this is my homework for Biology.... Tired....